AE Vol. 26, no. 1

Contents of Volume 26, Number 1, February 1999

Articles
 

    Ritual Healing and the Politics of Identity in Contemporary Navajo Society
    Thomas J. Csordas

    Ritual healing and identity politics interact on three levels in contemporary Navajo society: representation of Navajo identity in relation to the dominant Euro-American society, interaction among religious healing traditions within Navajo society, and transformation of individual experience with respect to dignity and self-worth as a Navajo. The first is illustrated with two events: an epidemic of hanta virus and a serious drought. The second is examined with respect to the coexistence of traditional Navajo healing, Native American Church healing, and Navajo Christian faith healing. The third is discussed in terms of case studies of Navajo patients who have used these forms of healing. These levels constitute a framework for analyzing the relation between healing and identity politics that is potentially more nuanced than either the position that ritual healing is a futile expression of frustrationäthe opiate of the masses interpretationäor that ritual healing is a subtle form of political resistanceäthe postmodern liberation of the indigenous voice interpretation. Future studies using such a framework could begin to distinguish more clearly between a personal politics of collective identity, in which individual actors with clear commitments struggle to assert a shared identity, and a collective politics of personal identity, in which each actor among a group of actors with ambiguous commitments struggles to attain individual identity. [religion, healing, ritual, identity politics, Navajo, Native American Church, Christianity]

Medical Mimesis: Healing Signs of Acosmopolitan "Quack"
Jean M. Langford

 Drawing on recent insights into mimesis, I address the question of authenticity in indigenous medicine through an ethnography of an Ayurvedic pulse reader. I trace the conflicting rhetorics of authenticity spun by the doctor, the colleagues who consider him a quack, and myself. Ultimately I question the rituals of signification by which distinctions are drawn between medicine and placebo, doctor and quack, expertise and gimmickry, and between authentic cult object and cosumer-oriented copy. {medicine, mimesis, semiotics, Ayurveda, India, quackery]

The Dialectics of "Disputatiousness" and "Rice-Eating Money": Class Confrontation and Gendered Imaginaries Among Chinese Men in West Malaysia
Donald M. Nonini

 Chinese owners of Malaysian truck transport firms characterized Chinese drivers in 1979?80 labor disputes as "disputatious," "cheating," and making "rice-eating money." They presented themselves as a stigmatized, besieged, ethnic-trading minority. My later fieldwork from 1985-92 revealed that drivers used an embodied pedagogy of learning through labor to critique ownersé accounts and their own exploitation, even though as "crude" men they shared with "mannered" owners male-specific mobilities vis-à-vis Chinese women. Reflections on these fieldwork findings challenge prevailing discursive and post-Marxist turns within ethnography. [diaspora Chinese, Southeast Asia, strategic totalization, embodied pedagogies, class analysis, gender, ethnic politics]

Bagagesu (those of my home): Women Migrants, Ethnicity, and Performance in South Africa
Deborah James

 The efforts of southern African women migrant workers to gain control of resources in the linked spheres of urban workplace and rural base have rarely been characterizedäby anthropologists or local communitiesäas ethnic in nature. This suggests the truth of the southern African Tswana proverb that øwomen have no tribe.Ó It is puzzling, though, that women are seen in other contexts as quintessentially traditional. I discuss this paradox, referring to the mobilization of a sotho identity centered on the ideas of øfamilyÓ and øhomeÓ by groups of migrant women performers from South Africaés Northern Province. Both ideas are expressed and symbolized in emotive terms that make them appear intrinsic or primordial in nature, but both on closer examination emerge as complex combinations of ascription and achievement. Women migrantsé claim to be sotho gives them a right to a voice in the public arena. The right to a voice derives in part from the proximity with male migrants' ethnic identity, but it also speaks of a new and autonomous identity that selects and interweaves elements from the shifting terrains of sotho man- and womanhood. It is through an ideal of moral and musical goodness, played out in the practices of musical performance, that elements of gender and ethnic identity converge and are negotiated. [performance, ethnicity, labor migration, home, family, gender]

Hidden Transcripts Among the Rarámuri: culture, Resistance, and Interethnic Relations in Northern Mexico
Jerome M. Levi

An understanding of Rarámuri (Tarahumara) cultural style and resistance to domination is enhanced when interpreted in relation to theories of muffled protest and discourse strategies based on dissimulation. In this article, I consider Scottés (1990) notion of discerning everyday resistance through what he calls "hidden transcripts," here in the context of Rarámuri-Mestizo relations in northern Mexico. Scottés generalizing framework should be tempered in light of discussions of concealment, secrecy, and isolationism in Rarámuri culture. Analysis of the ritual, language, and behaviors associated with Rarámuri secrecy indicates that although the broad outline of his thesis is corroborated, specific elements invite reassessment. When hidden transcripts go public, the most compelling part of Scottés framework is also the weakest. [resistance, secrecy, interethnic relations, political symbolism, Tarahumara, Rarámuri, Mexico]

Mapping Power: Disputing Claims to Kipat Lands in Northeastern Nepal
Ann Aarmbrecht Forbes

Through a close reading of a land dispute in northeastern Nepal, I examine broader shifts in local-national political relations as Nepal is transformed from a kingdom to a nation-state. In addition to documenting the shift from a customary to a private system of tenure, this case raises broader questions about the relationship between identity, politics, and place, and the impact of globalization on these relations. [land tenure, identity and place, narrative, national/local relations, globalization, Himalaya]

Disengagement and Desire: the Tactics of Everyday Life
Lisette Josephides

In this article, my ethnographic interest in Kewa womenés quest for different lifestyles merges with my theoretical interests in the interactional basis of everyday life to produce an analysis that places the impolite person at the center of daily tactics that go beyond making do. Drawing on such fields as linguistic analysis, politeness theory, moral theory, and theories of practice, I develop a polemological account of a cultural change that is played out mainly on gender lines. [change, language and interaction, tactics, practices, gender, Papua New Guinea]

Laws of Desire? Race, Sexuality, and Power in Male Martinican Sexual Narratives
David A. B. Murray

 In Martinique, both homosexual and heterosexual narratives of sexual desire reveal the centrality of an orthodox masculinity as a hegemonic force in public articulations about social relations and identity. Race also figures prominently in these narratives, but no straightforward correlative relations exist between race and other sociological categories such as class or education. In this article, I argue for the necessity of recognizing the influence of Martiniqueés neocolonial relationship with France. This relationship continues to affect cultural and political ideologies. I also demonstrate the influence of context in determining identity choices in narrative constructions. [homosexuality, heterosexuality, race, masculinity, Marti-nique]

Reckoning Kinship in Maneo (Seram, Indonesia)
James M. Hagen

This study among the Maneo (Seram, Indonesia) focuses on the pragmatics of kinship knowledge. Through an extended investigation of a strangerés arrival, I untangle processes of recognition from those guiding the determination of relatedness. Recognition establishes the continuity of experience; as such, verity is a measure of the adequacy as opposed to accuracy of observation: a fact that contributes to the possibility of misrecognition. By contrast, relatedness is contingent upon the expression and suppression of different, sometimes contradictory historical ties. [kinship, knowledge, pragmatism, Maneo, Indonesia]

Culture, Civilization, and Demarcation at the Northwest Borders of Greece
Laurie Kain Hart

The collapse of the Communist regime in Albania after 1990 led to overt tensions between Greece and Albania as a result, on the one hand, of massive illegal Albanian immigration to Greece and, on the other, new questions concerning the status and security of the Greek minority in southern Albania. During the 20th century, nation-construction across the Greek-Albanian border involved the reciprocal differentiation of heterogeneous populations into bipolar Greek and Albanian nationalities. In this article, I consider the public rhetoric and diplomatic processes involved in distinguishing Greek and Albanian populations. I suggest that through attention to border history, segmentary models of cultural identity can be usefully married to the theory of nationalism at the scale of the state. The Greek-Albanian case demonstrates both the centrality of the border to the legitimation of the state and the marginality of actual border populations who persistently generate conditions of social heterogeneity. [Greece, Albania, nationalism, ethnicity, border, stereotype]
 
 
Review Articles

    possibilities for migration anthropology; Changing Identities: Vietnamese Americans 1975-1995 (Freeman); From the Workers' State to the Golden State: Jews from the Former Soviet Union in California (Gold); New Pioneers in the Heartland: Hmong Life in Wisconsin (Koltyk); From the Ganges to the Hudson: Indian Immigrants in New York City (Lessinger); Salvadorans in Suburbia: Symbiosis and Conflict (Mahler); An Invisible Minority: Brazilians in New York City (Margolis); Changes and Conflicts: Korean Immigrant Families in New York (Min); A Visa for a Dream: Dominicans in the United States (Pessar); Pride against Prejudice: Haitians in the United States (Stepick); Ethnicity and Entrepreneurship: The New Chinese Immigrants in the San Francisco Bay Area (Wong)
    Colleen G. O'Neal

    Reviews

      Art and Life in Bangladesh (Glassie)
      Nur Yalman

      The Politics of Duplicity: Controlling Reproduction in Ceausescu's Romania (Kligman)
      Maria Bucur

      The Blessings of Motherhood: Health, Pregnancy, and Childcare in Dominca (Krumeich)
      Ana Ortiz

      Echoes of the Past, Epics of Dissent: A South Korean Social Movement (Abelmann)
      Deborah Durham

      The War for the Heart and Soul of a Highland Maya Town (Carlsen)
      Mexican Rural Development and the Plumed Serpent: Technology and Maya Cosmology in the Tropical Forest of Campeche, Mexico (Faust)
      Joann Martin

      Muslim through Discourse: Religion and Ritual in Gayo Society (Bowen)
      Mohamed A. Mahmoud

      The Traffic in Culture: Refiguring Art and Anthropology (Marcus and Myers, eds.)
      Looking High and Low: Art and Cultural Identity (Bright and Bakewell, eds.)
      Helena Wulff

      Maya Resurgence in Guatemala: Q'eqchi' Experiences (Wilson)
      Kay B. Warren

      Knowing Practice: The Clinical Encounter of Chinese Medicine (Farquhar)
      Nancy N. Chen

      Gifts and Commodities: Exchange and Western Capitalism since 1970 (Carrier)
      Rob J. F. M. Van Veggel

      Meanings of the Market: The Free Market in Western Culture (Carrier, ed.)
      Marketing and Modernity (Lien)
      Roy M. Dilley

      Defining Females: The Nature of Women in Society (Ardener and Waldren, eds.)
      Sex and Gender Hierarchies (Paul and Shweder, eds.)
      Kathleen Barlow

      Making Capitalism: The Social and Cultural Construction of a South Korean Conglomerate (Janelli and Yim)
      Theodore C. Bestor

      Plains Indians, A.D. 500-1500: The Archaeological Past of Historic Groups (Schlesier, ed.)
      Adrianne Dana-Tabet

      The Cheyenne in Plains Indian Trade Relations 1795-1840 (Jablow)
      Raymond J. Demallie

      Kinship, Networks, and Exchange (Schweizer and White, eds.)
      Christopher Gregory

      Postcolonial Development: Argriculture in the Making of Modern India (Gupta)
      K. Sivaramakrishnan

      Symbols in Northern Ireland (Buckley, ed.)
      Jeff Sluka

      Infertility and Patriarchy: The Cultural Politics of Gender and Family Life in Egypt (Inhorn)
      Karen Andes

      The Modernity of Witchcraft: Politics and the Occult in Postcolonial Africa (Geschiere)
      Charles Poit

      Leveling Crowds: Ethnonationalist Conflicts and Collective Violence in South Asia (Tambiah)
      John D. Kelly

      Parent's Cultural Belief Systems: Their Origins, Expressions, and Consequences (Harkness and Super, eds.)
      Daniel J. Smith

      Conceiving Sexuality: Approaches to Sex Research in a Postmodern World (Parker and Gagnon, eds.)
      Roger Levesque

      The Heat of the Hearth: The Process of Kinship in a Malay Fishing Community (Carsten)
      Michael G. Peletz

      In Place: Spatial and Social Order in a Faeroe Islands Community (Gaffin)
      Jan Nadel-Klein

      Anthropology and Politics: Revolutions in the Sacred Grove (Gellner)
      Kent Maynard

      L'Histoire de Sàbé et de Ses Rois (Reépublique du Bénin) (Martí)
      Nom, Famille et Lignage Chez les Sêbé (Reépublique du Bénin) (Martí)
      Donna K. Flynn

      Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music from Rumba to Reggae (Manuel, Bilby and Largey)
      Katherine J. Hagedorn

      Ethnography and Human Development: Context and Meaning in Social Inquiry (Jessor, Colby, and Shweder, eds.)
      Bob W. White

      The Aesthetics of Action: Continuity and Change in a West African Town (Hardin)
      Jill E. Korbin

      Ethnographic Feminisms: Essays in Anthropology (Cole and Philips, eds.)
      Keng-Fong Pang

      After Writing Culture: Epistemology and Praxis in Contemporary Anthropology (James, Hockey, and Dawson, eds.)
      Matti Bunzl

      Culture in Action: Family Life, Emotion, and Male Dominance in Banaras, India (Derné)
      Caroline Osella

      Speaking for the Chief: Okyeame and the Politics of Akan Royal Oratory (Yankah)
      Judith T. Irvine

      Sex, Death, and Hierarchy in a Chinese City: An Anthropological Account (Jank-Owiak)
      Eugene T. Murphy

      Ranapui: Tradition and Survival on Easter Island (McCall)
      William S. Ayres

      The Alamo Remembered: Tejano Accounts and Perspectives (Matovina)
      Richard R. Flores

      Children of the Urban Poor: The Sociocultural Environment of Growth, Development, and Malnutrition in Guatemala City (Johnston and Low)
      Sheila Cosminsky
       
       

    Thanks from the Editor

    Cumulative Index, Volumes 22-25